Yeah, I didn't mean to get things simplistic, as I have a deep respect for the black community. I just wondered if that hypothesis could someway match; I can't really understand the violence of the police on black people, I think it is not comparable to any other western State, like the mass shootings phenomena. Being a bystander can be a weakness or sometimes a strength, I think. I didn't mean to be offensive to "America". From the outside, the racial issue is intrinsically paradoxical: many of the most famous and influent VIPs all over the world are Afro-American, yet a man can be chocked in the street while being filmed. Why? It`s paradoxical, I was just trying to get a sense of it. Thanks for your answer. Andrea Il ven 12 giu 2020 17:46 Chance McDermott <[log in to unmask]> ha scritto: > Andrea, > > I think that the race situation in "America" is far too complicated for > any outsider to understand. > > For example, some of my black friends tell me that black lives matter is a > divisive tool that they want no part of, but performatively sometimes go > along with to avoid the stress and heat from activists. One of my black > friends is a retired black panther and boot-legger, and the other is a > successful black doctor with deep roots in the deep south African American > community. Another is a former blood gang member who now coaches troubled > youth. And yet another specializes in black-mailing closeted white man for > social leverage. > > Open to discussing further. . . > > namaste > > -Chance > > > On Fri, Jun 12, 2020 at 10:39 AM Andrea Zagaria <[log in to unmask]> > wrote: > >> Hi TOK society, >> I am Italian and I have never been in the U.S., but I have been wondering >> for a while now about the current states of affairs in North America, >> regarding the racial discrimination. >> I have had several conversations with my girlfriend, who has been deeply >> immersed in the american popular culture since she was a kid. She thinks >> that the american hostility toward black people is somewhat qualitatively >> different from the European one. >> Shortly, she thinks that the main reason is historical: northern america >> has had black people as slaves, Europe has not (at least not in such a >> degree). So the european racism might be something different, more like a >> "fear" of the stranger than a genuine belief of superiority, or a >> justification system of exploitation. >> >> The nazionalsocialism and fascism could be immediately called into >> discussion to deny such hypothesis: the superiority of race has never been >> declared so clearly, yet the main hostility at the times was against Jews >> rather than against black people, and also in that case the reasons could >> be framed as historical. >> >> Do you think it is a valid hypothesis? Is there any literature about that? >> >> Thanks four your posts. >> >> Andrea Zagaria >> >> Il ven 12 giu 2020 14:34 Henriques, Gregg - henriqgx <[log in to unmask]> >> ha scritto: >> >>> Dear Ari, Kacey, Zak, Joe and others who have commented on this thread, >>> >>> >>> >>> Many, many thanks for these heartfelt, moving, authentic expressions. >>> To me, these are the ingredients of people of goodwill attempting to come >>> together to enhance dignity and well-being with integrity. I am very much >>> looking forward to the next two community TOK-Thrive meetings on building >>> bridges to create common ground with Mike and hearing the panel discussion >>> on perspectives of women of color led by Paulihna. >>> >>> >>> >>> These exchanges make me proud to be part of this community. >>> >>> >>> Best, >>> Gregg >>> >>> >>> >>> *From:* tree of knowledge system discussion < >>> [log in to unmask]> *On Behalf Of *Wilson, Katherine >>> Christine - wilso3kc (Dukes) >>> *Sent:* Thursday, June 11, 2020 11:50 PM >>> *To:* [log in to unmask] >>> *Subject:* Re: Two articles on Policing >>> >>> >>> >>> Dear Joe, Yes, Thank You! I appreciate your rant immensely and hope you >>> don’t retire too soon! >>> >>> >>> >>> Dear Ari, >>> >>> >>> >>> this is a beautiful piece you have written that captures so much of what >>> I see white liberals and moderates in my generation struggling with. I have >>> written something similar in my head many times, but have feared that >>> sharing at this point would incur the rebukes and judgments from peers who >>> would see me as a part of the problem, less woke, and worthy of disdain. >>> Which perhaps is accurate, but not a palatable pill to swallow. For anyone >>> with a heart or nervous system, these are tough times to open your mouth >>> from a place of vulnerability or honesty, especially if it doesn’t resound >>> with the broader chorus that is undoubtedly several beats ahead of me >>> in waking up to what has been going on for centuries. I “knew” about >>> racism, but I didn’t “know”… I didn’t feel it in my bones every day, and >>> stare it in the face, and feel for my friends of color every time a micro >>> aggression passed me by as I moved forward unaware of what had even >>> transpired. That level of blindness is shocking to wake up too. Unnerving >>> and horrifying. >>> >>> >>> >>> I see friends teetering on hiding in a corner right now because the >>> sense of shame and judgment from others, and a sense of not “getting it” or >>> not “getting it right enough.” I can imagine that shame is a tiny fraction >>> of what BIPOC/QTPOC have experienced for centuries. >>> >>> >>> >>> I really feel you when you write, "This is an enormous collective >>> wound, I cannot heal it in myself quickly. I’m sorry.” I am right there >>> with you; the healing is slow and even catching the subtle ways in which >>> racism, historical systems of oppression, values of colonization and >>> capitalism, competition, and meritocracy show up in me are sneaky, >>> slippery, and hard to catch, check, and change (and I can often only do so >>> in hindsight initially). In many ways the “doing” U.S. culture I grew up >>> and swim within has trained me not to FEEL what is happening so that I >>> don’t even know how divorced I am from self and others at times (let alone >>> nature and other species). I feel we have immense work before us, and work >>> that is going to be triggering, threatening, painful, and require a level >>> of solidarity, compassion, patience, courage, persistence, and >>> collaboration with thoughtful, grounded, and wise leaders across various >>> fields, just to move the needle. I think we can do this work, and I think >>> we need unity more than condemnation of those just beginning to acknowledge >>> the ways in which the system has been and is broken. >>> >>> >>> >>> As a mixed Irish American, who is also a descendant from slaves on my >>> father’s side (this is my great grandfather: >>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.baltimoresun.com_news_bs-2Dxpm-2D1994-2D01-2D25-2D1994025180-2Dstory.html&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=Oxo3ALRH8KjFBhplYnzU4DD-ay1n0vQVskB5WAveqPU&s=Pe9BPegtaeuX8BljgcfEdjrb6YKdsoNp5iwGMiIVhjU&e= >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.baltimoresun.com_news_bs-2Dxpm-2D1994-2D01-2D25-2D1994025180-2Dstory.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=rQSowxTdRId-O4jkNvr4L8IFvh7g5hFAI8LSNFTwCKg&s=FrGmXlfrLBiNc77zgaKlqUBI27IndXHsijmxn28DcaY&e=>), >>> I am a white passing person with a white-washed lineage due to a family >>> history of fear of retribution for the color of one’s skin (that led to >>> choices about who to marry and have children with). This history lives in >>> our DNA, and is woven into the fabric of everything that the U.S. is built >>> upon. We have to collectively take ownership for it, and figure out what >>> legacy we want to leave behind. No two of us are going to see, feel, and >>> recognize this time for what it is in the same way. And that is the power >>> and vulnerability of “the epistemological problem” ( >>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.psychologytoday.com_us_blog_theory-2Dknowledge_201910_there-2Dare-2Dtwo-2Dhard-2Dproblems-2Dconsciousness-2Dnot-2Done&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=Oxo3ALRH8KjFBhplYnzU4DD-ay1n0vQVskB5WAveqPU&s=jTMA1p3f8oKDsoEwDMwDL86sUgUFHAHDQBVvtGpxAqY&e= >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.psychologytoday.com_us_blog_theory-2Dknowledge_201910_there-2Dare-2Dtwo-2Dhard-2Dproblems-2Dconsciousness-2Dnot-2Done&d=DwMGaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=rQSowxTdRId-O4jkNvr4L8IFvh7g5hFAI8LSNFTwCKg&s=Po8TMQMAIGr_tEyI-ew7F-x6mT5878_8SQCxxDPUcog&e=> >>> ) as Gregg has outlined. >>> >>> >>> >>> We have to find a method, practice, linguistic tool, set of agreements, >>> etc. to come together to really understand the summation of the collective >>> experience, discrepancies, injustices, various viewpoints, to even have the >>> right “data” to work with to paint a clear picture. Maybe this is what >>> the “Singularity” will actually be about (assuming it is a benevolent >>> singularity that works in the collective interests of humanity in general). >>> So while the systems of current data collection may be limited and >>> inherently biased due to the foundations upon which they operate, perhaps >>> this is changing in a direction that, if intentionally and consciously >>> employed, could curate a more clear picture of where we have been and >>> the possibilities of where to go from here with the most optimal outcome >>> for all. This is super idealistic, but I am honestly too afraid to consider >>> alternatives that could be coming down the pipeline… >>> >>> >>> >>> If anyone has already figured out the solution, and can explain to us >>> like we are six-year-olds (as not all of us share a genius IQ here, but >>> still want to help!), I entreat you to do so. For what better moment should >>> solutions be proffered? >>> >>> >>> >>> Okay, "young person rant” is now over. >>> >>> >>> >>> p.s. for those interested in a faith-based perspective on racism, here >>> is webinar from a Baha’i professor that I found insightful: >>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__wilmetteinstitute.org_centering-2Dthe-2Dpupil-2Dof-2Dthe-2Deye_&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=Oxo3ALRH8KjFBhplYnzU4DD-ay1n0vQVskB5WAveqPU&s=T2EWXDIoaVk0hcaxLaVXXnaJqWmAcgewZ8qUI9GSZF8&e= >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__wilmetteinstitute.org_centering-2Dthe-2Dpupil-2Dof-2Dthe-2Deye_&d=DwMGaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=rQSowxTdRId-O4jkNvr4L8IFvh7g5hFAI8LSNFTwCKg&s=i1rcCRgDbLM01xS202JHUdwjRqZ8NC3pZdkooVqcKE8&e=> >>> >>> >>> >>> On Jun 11, 2020, at 3:30 PM, Ari Delashmutt <[log in to unmask]> >>> wrote: >>> >>> >>> >>> Joe's rant was pretty epic and knocked me in the head hard. It made some >>> things click. I wrote an article about said things, Medium says its a 6 >>> minute read. I'd love to hear your thoughts. >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__medium.com_-40ariintheair_inquiring-2Dabout-2Dall-2Dlives-2Dmatter-2D3a248f6e568&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=Oxo3ALRH8KjFBhplYnzU4DD-ay1n0vQVskB5WAveqPU&s=nUKZQdRSUb_UeSBXr9FiBzGQwR24sg1ufYaIrWyzMTA&e= >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__medium.com_-40ariintheair_inquiring-2Dabout-2Dall-2Dlives-2Dmatter-2D3a248f6e568&d=DwMFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=zBJ6lBDpCiQ4Bhq3euXX5MZVnTU26c6Dwa6pgV0hj3Q&s=1nPhh9I2G6sNcfQdNXTlBXMG1P33L3umcXo8VIJrIXI&e=> >>> >>> >>> >>> With love, >>> >>> Ari >>> >>> >>> >>> On Thu, Jun 11, 2020 at 9:44 AM Henriques, Gregg - henriqgx < >>> [log in to unmask]> wrote: >>> >>> Joe, >>> >>> Thanks for this analysis. Very helpful in clarifying the sociological >>> issues. >>> >>> >>> Best, >>> Gregg >>> >>> >>> >>> *From:* tree of knowledge system discussion < >>> [log in to unmask]> *On Behalf Of *Joseph Michalski >>> *Sent:* Thursday, June 11, 2020 12:04 PM >>> *To:* [log in to unmask] >>> *Subject:* Re: Two articles on Policing >>> >>> >>> >>> Dear Colleagues: >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> With all due respect, I simply cannot support a "50-50, he said, she >>> said" approach to the analysis the state of policing and justification >>> systems invoked to support particular agendas. Please feel free to ignore >>> the following "rant" from a stereotypical "left-wing" sociologist, yours >>> truly. I don't agree w/ that characterization, but what choice do I have? >>> >>> >>> >>> Even if one could step outside of the political firestorm, the social >>> scientific theories and certainly the empirical evidence - including that >>> which Heather MacDonald (author, btw, of a book that I read a couple years >>> ago titled * The War on Cops*) cites - points to deep-seated biases & >>> differential treatment, as well as real-life differential outcomes for what >>> happens to "real people" in "real communities." But the discourse is so >>> tilted in the U.S. (even moreso than in Canada where I live) that it would >>> take far too much time to make the case for why even much of the discourse >>> even in the current framing tends to be far more "right-wing" and >>> conservative, as well as at odds with the social scientific literature. >>> MacDonald states that "I urge this committee to reject the proposition that >>> law enforcement today is systemically biased. The evidence does not support >>> that charge." And yet her own highly distorted & limited presentation of >>> the numbers *still* provides evidence of biases in policing and >>> disproportionate surveillance & criminalization of African-American (and >>> racialized minorities) in general. And, of course, she ignores the far >>> wider range of evidence that's even more damning and that would subvert her >>> claims entirely. >>> >>> >>> >>> But here's the bigger point. Most people ignore the fact that if you >>> want "more crime," then hold constant civilian behavior and simply increase >>> the number of police. More surveillance alone leads to more crime, all else >>> constant. More people looking for "bad behavior" will lead to more >>> observations, more arrests, etc. And who's in positions to "identify" and >>> "observe" and then "sanction" perceived crime? Those in positions of social >>> advantage and power. And that story has not changed all that much, despite >>> the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Law enforcement continues to be >>> highly skewed and biased, almost regardless of the metric that you use. >>> Tons of empirical stuff does not even get counted, such as the # of times >>> that people who are stopped for "identical reasons" if you could hold all >>> else constant (e.g., speeding) end up being treated *differently* on >>> the basis of race, ethnicity, gender, or any # of other social factors, to >>> say nothing of human psychology, that might affect how transactions & >>> interactions unfold. Where's all that data? Nowhere. And yet, do a thought >>> experiment with me. Imagine if you were to test all the police in terms of >>> their propensities for implicit bias or even overt manifestations of >>> racism? What if you did comprehensive personality profiles? What would you >>> find? And, then take that a step further. Despite the training they receive >>> (often only 12 weeks or less), how might they end up interacting with >>> "random" samples of people from the general public? What do you think you >>> *might* find if you were to really study these issues in-depth and >>> scientifically? Do you think you might see various forms of differential >>> treatment, especially if "unfiltered" (although, apparently in the case of >>> some officers like Derek Chauvin, it really doesn't even matter if the >>> camera is rolling)? What would be the distribution in terms of the general >>> police force, even if 90% were totally enlightened, fair-minded individuals >>> committed to the highest aspirations of the "protect and serve" philosophy >>> (btw, the evidence on who the police "are" from social scientific research >>> paints a vastly different picture)? So, if "only" 10% act on their biases, >>> what effect would that have & who would disproportionately be targeted? And >>> so on. >>> >>> >>> >>> And so the problems are far more deep-seated. If you want certain groups >>> to be targeted, then increase police presence & see what happens. For >>> example, what happens to "peaceful protesters" if there are more police >>> around to "watch"? Forget the rioting and looting - how many arrests of >>> looters have been caught on tape (and even then there are other issues to >>> consider)? How many peaceful protesters have been beaten, or tear-gassed, >>> or abused in one way or another? >>> >>> >>> >>> If there's a call to "de-fund" the police, does that mean no policing >>> services? Or does that mean shifting some of the funding to investments in >>> other types of services, education, health, infrastructure, opportunities, >>> and investments in "poor" communities? Even among self-identified >>> "liberals," how many want to live among and work with the poorest of the >>> poor, be the awesome teachers I had in Fairfax County in the 1970s (white, >>> privileged, wealthy, and largely segregated outside of TC Williams!) for >>> young people "at risk" in those communities, move their families & live >>> among & befriend those in the poorest neighbourhoods, and invest in small >>> businesses or have their larger corporations relocate in those communities >>> to create work incentives? And who's providing the health and social >>> services, working with those suffering from substance abuse problems, or >>> coaching the kids in sports and extra-curricular activities? No, none of >>> THAT stuff can really be "legislated" and you certainly cannot force people >>> to live in more integrated or diverse 'hoods, but at least recognize that >>> much of the funding and tax relief directly benefits the wealthy (as Billie >>> Eilish might sing, "Duh") and those in positions of power, including the >>> police & the military. Far more money is spent on the U.S. military (yes, >>> that's *directly* relevant to this discussion) and to U.S. policing >>> than to all other publicly-funded health and human services. Not even >>> close, especially if you set aside social security (which no one seems to >>> define as "socialism" in the U.S., but I digress...) But what's the >>> narrative being advanced in halls of power and certainly by the Trumpian >>> leadership on the right? >>> >>> >>> >>> I cannot even begin to do justice to the thousands of scientific >>> research studies that demonstrate the full range of biases and inequalities >>> built into the systems of advanced-industrial democracies in general, to >>> say nothing of what's happening in the most extremely polarized & >>> militarized system on the face of the planet: the U.S. military-industrial >>> complex, who funding exceeds the next 10 countries in the world combined. >>> I'm sorry, but I have spent my life trying to understand human behavior >>> and, specifically crime, violence, and social control - and none of that >>> (or the best of the work by the top leaders and pioneers in the field) gets >>> noticed, acknowledged, or built into most of the discussions. Speaking only >>> for myself, I think I may have reached the end of my career in even trying >>> to have intelligent conversations about any of this stuff any longer. I'm >>> sure I sound like a raving idiot. I just wish people could see at least >>> *some* of the arguments and evidence as to how far to the right the >>> discourse & justifications have shifted to the right. The one small kernel >>> of hope? Some white protesters getting beaten again randomly & for no >>> reason being detained are starting to ask, "Hey, I can't believe I'm being >>> attacked for simply 'living my life' and 'being here'." No shit. That's >>> what African-Americans and Indigenous peoples and racialized minorities >>> have been saying for centuries. Duh. >>> >>> >>> >>> Or, as a right-wing nutcase brother of mine once complained, "I can't >>> believe a group of young black kids stopped & yelled at me 'hey Honky' >>> while I was playing tennis in LA." He was so angry that these youngsters >>> would throw that epithet in his direction, unprovoked & without knowing >>> him. I thought: Great, a teachable moment. I asked him to reflect on how >>> angry he got that this happened to him exactly once and as a successful, >>> wealthy, 40-something lawyer w/ a multi-million dollar home. And could he >>> imagine how his African-American counterpart might feel who experienced >>> this type of prejudice, bias, and discrimination regularly from the time of >>> being a child right on up throughout one's life. No, not *everyone* would >>> act that way toward the African-American walking among them. MOST people >>> would be kind and treat each person fairly and with respect. But, that >>> said, how many in the population would treat the racialized minority or the >>> "other" differently, negatively, and/or with hostility? And how many times >>> would that have happened over the many years? And what impact would that >>> have on one's self-esteem, confidence, or general feeling of well-being? >>> And yet look at what impact, my dear brother, just ONE incident had upon >>> your mental health and well-being as a successful grown man. He still >>> doesn't get it, and never will. >>> >>> >>> >>> So much more to say, but I'll move along as an "old guy" now. But, in >>> contrast to a lot of others in my generation, I have a different sign on my >>> lawn. It's not "get off my lawn", but rather "all are welcome - come and >>> hang out on my lawn & I'll even get you a drink if you're thirsty..." Best, >>> -joe >>> >>> >>> >>> Dr. Joseph H. Michalski >>> >>> King’s University College at Western University >>> >>> 266 Epworth Avenue, DL-201 >>> >>> London, Ontario, Canada N6A 2M3 >>> >>> Tel: (519) 433-3491 >>> >>> Email: [log in to unmask] >>> >>> ______________________ >>> >>> *e**i*π + 1 = 0 >>> >>> >>> ------------------------------ >>> >>> *From:* tree of knowledge system discussion < >>> [log in to unmask]> on behalf of Henriques, Gregg - >>> henriqgx <[log in to unmask]> >>> *Sent:* Thursday, June 11, 2020 7:47 AM >>> *To:* [log in to unmask] <[log in to unmask]> >>> *Subject:* Two articles on Policing >>> >>> >>> >>> Dear TOK List, >>> >>> >>> >>> For folks who are interested in understanding the divergent >>> “justification systems” that are operating about the state of policing in >>> this country, I recommend the following articles: >>> >>> >>> >>> Heather MacDonald is a conservative scholar who has long argued that the >>> fundamental progressive narrative about brutal cops as an aggregate is >>> misguided. This is a transcript of her testimony to congress yesterday: >>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.city-2Djournal.org_repudiate-2Dthe-2Danti-2Dpolice-2Dnarrative&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=Oxo3ALRH8KjFBhplYnzU4DD-ay1n0vQVskB5WAveqPU&s=_Ft5FpI5F7n6qrZ5XOGlIJ1gcjpQq0_oT7783xEWpUw&e= >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.city-2Djournal.org_repudiate-2Dthe-2Danti-2Dpolice-2Dnarrative&d=DwMF-w&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=h6kB7iQCbvdCGiWf2dX8DsIsU4IDPEmOLWq59xpgmxA&s=2s_tONfe_Ppbxvo1_VFMw_2AtomzpYiwXjJUPwpWx2E&e=> >>> >>> >>> >>> Nicholas Kristof is a liberal NY Times columnist who has long advocated >>> for social justice causes. This is his call for how to effectively think >>> about “defunding the police”: >>> >>> >>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.nytimes.com_2020_06_10_opinion_defund-2Dpolice-2Dfloyd-2Dprotests.html-3Fcampaign-5Fid-3D2-26emc-3Dedit-5Fth-5F200611-26instance-5Fid-3D19255-26nl-3Dtodaysheadlines-26regi-5Fid-3D35223894-26segment-5Fid-3D30632-26user-5Fid-3D8e4f03af2447d5adeb5069c9fb9bdf47&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=Oxo3ALRH8KjFBhplYnzU4DD-ay1n0vQVskB5WAveqPU&s=IWkAqhXMMp0cbrISk65kypTUjRP-Pj4rjuJyWdq6xLE&e= >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.nytimes.com_2020_06_10_opinion_defund-2Dpolice-2Dfloyd-2Dprotests.html-3Fcampaign-5Fid-3D2-26emc-3Dedit-5Fth-5F200611-26instance-5Fid-3D19255-26nl-3Dtodaysheadlines-26regi-5Fid-3D35223894-26segment-5Fid-3D30632-26user-5Fid-3D8e4f03af2447d5adeb5069c9fb9bdf47&d=DwMF-w&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=h6kB7iQCbvdCGiWf2dX8DsIsU4IDPEmOLWq59xpgmxA&s=pmUhEi7QK-PfiU3_NKYdXNTORTXOCsIISOzgZPnoEXI&e=> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> NEXT MONDAY at 5:30 pm EDT we will be having Professor Mike Mascolo >>> offer his insightful framework for understanding conflict, and bridging >>> divides to create common ground. A formal announcement will be coming soon. >>> >>> >>> Best, >>> Gregg >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> ############################ >>> >>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>> following link: >>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>> >>> ############################ >>> >>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>> following link: >>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>> >>> ############################ >>> >>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>> following link: >>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> -- >>> >>> [image: Image removed by sender. photo] >>> >>> *Ari in the Air* >>> Athlete & Filmmaker >>> >>> 4582926933 >>> >>> Bend Oregon >>> >>> >>> >>> [image: Image removed by sender.] >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_channel_UCLdxnh60DzDlR-5FAYhF3CzlQ-3Fview-5Fas-3Dsubscriber&d=DwMFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=zBJ6lBDpCiQ4Bhq3euXX5MZVnTU26c6Dwa6pgV0hj3Q&s=O89dNW0xRW7L4-xJj56GO54LUXCCu8PE2vW0n0WBhjs&e=> >>> >>> [image: Image removed by sender.] >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__instagram.com_ariintheair&d=DwMFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=zBJ6lBDpCiQ4Bhq3euXX5MZVnTU26c6Dwa6pgV0hj3Q&s=fA4PKO22v7mqA91xMbR1DnTGUi8TNVEkPVWmb9E1GdA&e=> >>> >>> >>> >>> Create your own WiseStamp email signature >>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.wisestamp.com_signature-2Din-2Demail_-3Futm-5Fsource-3Dpromotion-26utm-5Fmedium-3Dsignature-26utm-5Fcampaign-3Dcreate-5Fyour-5Fown-26srcid-3D6097410891841536&d=DwMFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=zBJ6lBDpCiQ4Bhq3euXX5MZVnTU26c6Dwa6pgV0hj3Q&s=R7ezOAhiMuwIU7MVO9orENT8biPp2-q85EAxoRARvhk&e=> >>> >>> ############################ >>> >>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>> following link: >>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>> >>> >>> >>> ############################ >>> >>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>> following link: >>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>> ############################ >>> >>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>> following link: >>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>> >> ############################ >> >> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >> following link: >> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >> > ############################ > > To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: > mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the > following link: > http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 > ############################ To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the following link: http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1