Most of it stems from a culture that permits child abuse. Many Americans believe that punishment is an effective learning tool, and that beating children protects them from Satanic impulses and influence. A lot of times police are treating suspects as violently as they treat their own children and wives. On Fri, Jun 12, 2020 at 11:31 AM Andrea Zagaria <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > Yeah, I didn't mean to get things simplistic, as I have a deep respect for > the black community. > > I just wondered if that hypothesis could someway match; I can't really > understand the violence of the police on black people, I think it is not > comparable to any other western State, like the mass shootings phenomena. > > Being a bystander can be a weakness or sometimes a strength, I think. I > didn't mean to be offensive to "America". > > From the outside, the racial issue is intrinsically paradoxical: many of > the most famous and influent VIPs all over the world are Afro-American, yet > a man can be chocked in the street while being filmed. Why? > It`s paradoxical, I was just trying to get a sense of it. > > Thanks for your answer. > > Andrea > > Il ven 12 giu 2020 17:46 Chance McDermott <[log in to unmask]> ha > scritto: > >> Andrea, >> >> I think that the race situation in "America" is far too complicated for >> any outsider to understand. >> >> For example, some of my black friends tell me that black lives matter is >> a divisive tool that they want no part of, but performatively sometimes go >> along with to avoid the stress and heat from activists. One of my black >> friends is a retired black panther and boot-legger, and the other is a >> successful black doctor with deep roots in the deep south African American >> community. Another is a former blood gang member who now coaches troubled >> youth. And yet another specializes in black-mailing closeted white man for >> social leverage. >> >> Open to discussing further. . . >> >> namaste >> >> -Chance >> >> >> On Fri, Jun 12, 2020 at 10:39 AM Andrea Zagaria <[log in to unmask]> >> wrote: >> >>> Hi TOK society, >>> I am Italian and I have never been in the U.S., but I have been >>> wondering for a while now about the current states of affairs in North >>> America, regarding the racial discrimination. >>> I have had several conversations with my girlfriend, who has been deeply >>> immersed in the american popular culture since she was a kid. She thinks >>> that the american hostility toward black people is somewhat qualitatively >>> different from the European one. >>> Shortly, she thinks that the main reason is historical: northern america >>> has had black people as slaves, Europe has not (at least not in such a >>> degree). So the european racism might be something different, more like a >>> "fear" of the stranger than a genuine belief of superiority, or a >>> justification system of exploitation. >>> >>> The nazionalsocialism and fascism could be immediately called into >>> discussion to deny such hypothesis: the superiority of race has never been >>> declared so clearly, yet the main hostility at the times was against Jews >>> rather than against black people, and also in that case the reasons could >>> be framed as historical. >>> >>> Do you think it is a valid hypothesis? Is there any literature about >>> that? >>> >>> Thanks four your posts. >>> >>> Andrea Zagaria >>> >>> Il ven 12 giu 2020 14:34 Henriques, Gregg - henriqgx <[log in to unmask]> >>> ha scritto: >>> >>>> Dear Ari, Kacey, Zak, Joe and others who have commented on this thread, >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Many, many thanks for these heartfelt, moving, authentic expressions. >>>> To me, these are the ingredients of people of goodwill attempting to come >>>> together to enhance dignity and well-being with integrity. I am very much >>>> looking forward to the next two community TOK-Thrive meetings on building >>>> bridges to create common ground with Mike and hearing the panel discussion >>>> on perspectives of women of color led by Paulihna. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> These exchanges make me proud to be part of this community. >>>> >>>> >>>> Best, >>>> Gregg >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> *From:* tree of knowledge system discussion < >>>> [log in to unmask]> *On Behalf Of *Wilson, Katherine >>>> Christine - wilso3kc (Dukes) >>>> *Sent:* Thursday, June 11, 2020 11:50 PM >>>> *To:* [log in to unmask] >>>> *Subject:* Re: Two articles on Policing >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Dear Joe, Yes, Thank You! I appreciate your rant immensely and hope you >>>> don’t retire too soon! >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Dear Ari, >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> this is a beautiful piece you have written that captures so much of >>>> what I see white liberals and moderates in my generation struggling with. I >>>> have written something similar in my head many times, but have feared that >>>> sharing at this point would incur the rebukes and judgments from peers who >>>> would see me as a part of the problem, less woke, and worthy of disdain. >>>> Which perhaps is accurate, but not a palatable pill to swallow. For anyone >>>> with a heart or nervous system, these are tough times to open your mouth >>>> from a place of vulnerability or honesty, especially if it doesn’t resound >>>> with the broader chorus that is undoubtedly several beats ahead of me >>>> in waking up to what has been going on for centuries. I “knew” about >>>> racism, but I didn’t “know”… I didn’t feel it in my bones every day, and >>>> stare it in the face, and feel for my friends of color every time a micro >>>> aggression passed me by as I moved forward unaware of what had even >>>> transpired. That level of blindness is shocking to wake up too. Unnerving >>>> and horrifying. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> I see friends teetering on hiding in a corner right now because the >>>> sense of shame and judgment from others, and a sense of not “getting it” or >>>> not “getting it right enough.” I can imagine that shame is a tiny fraction >>>> of what BIPOC/QTPOC have experienced for centuries. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> I really feel you when you write, "This is an enormous collective >>>> wound, I cannot heal it in myself quickly. I’m sorry.” I am right there >>>> with you; the healing is slow and even catching the subtle ways in which >>>> racism, historical systems of oppression, values of colonization and >>>> capitalism, competition, and meritocracy show up in me are sneaky, >>>> slippery, and hard to catch, check, and change (and I can often only do so >>>> in hindsight initially). In many ways the “doing” U.S. culture I grew up >>>> and swim within has trained me not to FEEL what is happening so that I >>>> don’t even know how divorced I am from self and others at times (let alone >>>> nature and other species). I feel we have immense work before us, and work >>>> that is going to be triggering, threatening, painful, and require a level >>>> of solidarity, compassion, patience, courage, persistence, and >>>> collaboration with thoughtful, grounded, and wise leaders across various >>>> fields, just to move the needle. I think we can do this work, and I think >>>> we need unity more than condemnation of those just beginning to acknowledge >>>> the ways in which the system has been and is broken. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> As a mixed Irish American, who is also a descendant from slaves on my >>>> father’s side (this is my great grandfather: >>>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.baltimoresun.com_news_bs-2Dxpm-2D1994-2D01-2D25-2D1994025180-2Dstory.html&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=XCyS8sUUNvzWX0rjg8s57yN6SdBKAfTyAQX6iclIkuI&s=Ta1lH977KyCnQut1kbtioXA9mVYhhk0f71lsn2T5jhw&e= >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.baltimoresun.com_news_bs-2Dxpm-2D1994-2D01-2D25-2D1994025180-2Dstory.html&d=DwMGaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=rQSowxTdRId-O4jkNvr4L8IFvh7g5hFAI8LSNFTwCKg&s=FrGmXlfrLBiNc77zgaKlqUBI27IndXHsijmxn28DcaY&e=>), >>>> I am a white passing person with a white-washed lineage due to a family >>>> history of fear of retribution for the color of one’s skin (that led to >>>> choices about who to marry and have children with). This history lives in >>>> our DNA, and is woven into the fabric of everything that the U.S. is built >>>> upon. We have to collectively take ownership for it, and figure out what >>>> legacy we want to leave behind. No two of us are going to see, feel, and >>>> recognize this time for what it is in the same way. And that is the power >>>> and vulnerability of “the epistemological problem” ( >>>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.psychologytoday.com_us_blog_theory-2Dknowledge_201910_there-2Dare-2Dtwo-2Dhard-2Dproblems-2Dconsciousness-2Dnot-2Done&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=XCyS8sUUNvzWX0rjg8s57yN6SdBKAfTyAQX6iclIkuI&s=FgsujqhgWT0K8PAEgNy_vKvx04Hur7qkg17p8Qw19EM&e= >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.psychologytoday.com_us_blog_theory-2Dknowledge_201910_there-2Dare-2Dtwo-2Dhard-2Dproblems-2Dconsciousness-2Dnot-2Done&d=DwMGaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=rQSowxTdRId-O4jkNvr4L8IFvh7g5hFAI8LSNFTwCKg&s=Po8TMQMAIGr_tEyI-ew7F-x6mT5878_8SQCxxDPUcog&e=> >>>> ) as Gregg has outlined. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> We have to find a method, practice, linguistic tool, set of agreements, >>>> etc. to come together to really understand the summation of the collective >>>> experience, discrepancies, injustices, various viewpoints, to even have the >>>> right “data” to work with to paint a clear picture. Maybe this is what >>>> the “Singularity” will actually be about (assuming it is a benevolent >>>> singularity that works in the collective interests of humanity in general). >>>> So while the systems of current data collection may be limited and >>>> inherently biased due to the foundations upon which they operate, perhaps >>>> this is changing in a direction that, if intentionally and consciously >>>> employed, could curate a more clear picture of where we have been and >>>> the possibilities of where to go from here with the most optimal outcome >>>> for all. This is super idealistic, but I am honestly too afraid to consider >>>> alternatives that could be coming down the pipeline… >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> If anyone has already figured out the solution, and can explain to us >>>> like we are six-year-olds (as not all of us share a genius IQ here, but >>>> still want to help!), I entreat you to do so. For what better moment should >>>> solutions be proffered? >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Okay, "young person rant” is now over. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> p.s. for those interested in a faith-based perspective on racism, here >>>> is webinar from a Baha’i professor that I found insightful: >>>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__wilmetteinstitute.org_centering-2Dthe-2Dpupil-2Dof-2Dthe-2Deye_&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=XCyS8sUUNvzWX0rjg8s57yN6SdBKAfTyAQX6iclIkuI&s=CaR5pAlrKuHCP0A6Gvs-4FzF34k4ae_pOrfmFy0GOlk&e= >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__wilmetteinstitute.org_centering-2Dthe-2Dpupil-2Dof-2Dthe-2Deye_&d=DwMGaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=rQSowxTdRId-O4jkNvr4L8IFvh7g5hFAI8LSNFTwCKg&s=i1rcCRgDbLM01xS202JHUdwjRqZ8NC3pZdkooVqcKE8&e=> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> On Jun 11, 2020, at 3:30 PM, Ari Delashmutt <[log in to unmask]> >>>> wrote: >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Joe's rant was pretty epic and knocked me in the head hard. It made >>>> some things click. I wrote an article about said things, Medium says its a >>>> 6 minute read. I'd love to hear your thoughts. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__medium.com_-40ariintheair_inquiring-2Dabout-2Dall-2Dlives-2Dmatter-2D3a248f6e568&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=XCyS8sUUNvzWX0rjg8s57yN6SdBKAfTyAQX6iclIkuI&s=D9-1gj1MQVKJ3QuF-Z_PeJ_2rdQ7Avv5lDvWlFvxbQI&e= >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__medium.com_-40ariintheair_inquiring-2Dabout-2Dall-2Dlives-2Dmatter-2D3a248f6e568&d=DwMFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=zBJ6lBDpCiQ4Bhq3euXX5MZVnTU26c6Dwa6pgV0hj3Q&s=1nPhh9I2G6sNcfQdNXTlBXMG1P33L3umcXo8VIJrIXI&e=> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> With love, >>>> >>>> Ari >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> On Thu, Jun 11, 2020 at 9:44 AM Henriques, Gregg - henriqgx < >>>> [log in to unmask]> wrote: >>>> >>>> Joe, >>>> >>>> Thanks for this analysis. Very helpful in clarifying the sociological >>>> issues. >>>> >>>> >>>> Best, >>>> Gregg >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> *From:* tree of knowledge system discussion < >>>> [log in to unmask]> *On Behalf Of *Joseph Michalski >>>> *Sent:* Thursday, June 11, 2020 12:04 PM >>>> *To:* [log in to unmask] >>>> *Subject:* Re: Two articles on Policing >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Dear Colleagues: >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> With all due respect, I simply cannot support a "50-50, he said, she >>>> said" approach to the analysis the state of policing and justification >>>> systems invoked to support particular agendas. Please feel free to ignore >>>> the following "rant" from a stereotypical "left-wing" sociologist, yours >>>> truly. I don't agree w/ that characterization, but what choice do I have? >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Even if one could step outside of the political firestorm, the social >>>> scientific theories and certainly the empirical evidence - including that >>>> which Heather MacDonald (author, btw, of a book that I read a couple years >>>> ago titled * The War on Cops*) cites - points to deep-seated biases & >>>> differential treatment, as well as real-life differential outcomes for what >>>> happens to "real people" in "real communities." But the discourse is so >>>> tilted in the U.S. (even moreso than in Canada where I live) that it would >>>> take far too much time to make the case for why even much of the discourse >>>> even in the current framing tends to be far more "right-wing" and >>>> conservative, as well as at odds with the social scientific literature. >>>> MacDonald states that "I urge this committee to reject the proposition that >>>> law enforcement today is systemically biased. The evidence does not support >>>> that charge." And yet her own highly distorted & limited presentation of >>>> the numbers *still* provides evidence of biases in policing and >>>> disproportionate surveillance & criminalization of African-American (and >>>> racialized minorities) in general. And, of course, she ignores the far >>>> wider range of evidence that's even more damning and that would subvert her >>>> claims entirely. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> But here's the bigger point. Most people ignore the fact that if you >>>> want "more crime," then hold constant civilian behavior and simply increase >>>> the number of police. More surveillance alone leads to more crime, all else >>>> constant. More people looking for "bad behavior" will lead to more >>>> observations, more arrests, etc. And who's in positions to "identify" and >>>> "observe" and then "sanction" perceived crime? Those in positions of social >>>> advantage and power. And that story has not changed all that much, despite >>>> the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Law enforcement continues to be >>>> highly skewed and biased, almost regardless of the metric that you use. >>>> Tons of empirical stuff does not even get counted, such as the # of times >>>> that people who are stopped for "identical reasons" if you could hold all >>>> else constant (e.g., speeding) end up being treated *differently* on >>>> the basis of race, ethnicity, gender, or any # of other social factors, to >>>> say nothing of human psychology, that might affect how transactions & >>>> interactions unfold. Where's all that data? Nowhere. And yet, do a thought >>>> experiment with me. Imagine if you were to test all the police in terms of >>>> their propensities for implicit bias or even overt manifestations of >>>> racism? What if you did comprehensive personality profiles? What would you >>>> find? And, then take that a step further. Despite the training they receive >>>> (often only 12 weeks or less), how might they end up interacting with >>>> "random" samples of people from the general public? What do you think you >>>> *might* find if you were to really study these issues in-depth and >>>> scientifically? Do you think you might see various forms of differential >>>> treatment, especially if "unfiltered" (although, apparently in the case of >>>> some officers like Derek Chauvin, it really doesn't even matter if the >>>> camera is rolling)? What would be the distribution in terms of the general >>>> police force, even if 90% were totally enlightened, fair-minded individuals >>>> committed to the highest aspirations of the "protect and serve" philosophy >>>> (btw, the evidence on who the police "are" from social scientific research >>>> paints a vastly different picture)? So, if "only" 10% act on their biases, >>>> what effect would that have & who would disproportionately be targeted? And >>>> so on. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> And so the problems are far more deep-seated. If you want certain >>>> groups to be targeted, then increase police presence & see what happens. >>>> For example, what happens to "peaceful protesters" if there are more police >>>> around to "watch"? Forget the rioting and looting - how many arrests of >>>> looters have been caught on tape (and even then there are other issues to >>>> consider)? How many peaceful protesters have been beaten, or tear-gassed, >>>> or abused in one way or another? >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> If there's a call to "de-fund" the police, does that mean no policing >>>> services? Or does that mean shifting some of the funding to investments in >>>> other types of services, education, health, infrastructure, opportunities, >>>> and investments in "poor" communities? Even among self-identified >>>> "liberals," how many want to live among and work with the poorest of the >>>> poor, be the awesome teachers I had in Fairfax County in the 1970s (white, >>>> privileged, wealthy, and largely segregated outside of TC Williams!) for >>>> young people "at risk" in those communities, move their families & live >>>> among & befriend those in the poorest neighbourhoods, and invest in small >>>> businesses or have their larger corporations relocate in those communities >>>> to create work incentives? And who's providing the health and social >>>> services, working with those suffering from substance abuse problems, or >>>> coaching the kids in sports and extra-curricular activities? No, none of >>>> THAT stuff can really be "legislated" and you certainly cannot force people >>>> to live in more integrated or diverse 'hoods, but at least recognize that >>>> much of the funding and tax relief directly benefits the wealthy (as Billie >>>> Eilish might sing, "Duh") and those in positions of power, including the >>>> police & the military. Far more money is spent on the U.S. military (yes, >>>> that's *directly* relevant to this discussion) and to U.S. policing >>>> than to all other publicly-funded health and human services. Not even >>>> close, especially if you set aside social security (which no one seems to >>>> define as "socialism" in the U.S., but I digress...) But what's the >>>> narrative being advanced in halls of power and certainly by the Trumpian >>>> leadership on the right? >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> I cannot even begin to do justice to the thousands of scientific >>>> research studies that demonstrate the full range of biases and inequalities >>>> built into the systems of advanced-industrial democracies in general, to >>>> say nothing of what's happening in the most extremely polarized & >>>> militarized system on the face of the planet: the U.S. military-industrial >>>> complex, who funding exceeds the next 10 countries in the world combined. >>>> I'm sorry, but I have spent my life trying to understand human behavior >>>> and, specifically crime, violence, and social control - and none of that >>>> (or the best of the work by the top leaders and pioneers in the field) gets >>>> noticed, acknowledged, or built into most of the discussions. Speaking only >>>> for myself, I think I may have reached the end of my career in even trying >>>> to have intelligent conversations about any of this stuff any longer. I'm >>>> sure I sound like a raving idiot. I just wish people could see at least >>>> *some* of the arguments and evidence as to how far to the right the >>>> discourse & justifications have shifted to the right. The one small kernel >>>> of hope? Some white protesters getting beaten again randomly & for no >>>> reason being detained are starting to ask, "Hey, I can't believe I'm being >>>> attacked for simply 'living my life' and 'being here'." No shit. That's >>>> what African-Americans and Indigenous peoples and racialized minorities >>>> have been saying for centuries. Duh. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Or, as a right-wing nutcase brother of mine once complained, "I can't >>>> believe a group of young black kids stopped & yelled at me 'hey Honky' >>>> while I was playing tennis in LA." He was so angry that these youngsters >>>> would throw that epithet in his direction, unprovoked & without knowing >>>> him. I thought: Great, a teachable moment. I asked him to reflect on how >>>> angry he got that this happened to him exactly once and as a successful, >>>> wealthy, 40-something lawyer w/ a multi-million dollar home. And could he >>>> imagine how his African-American counterpart might feel who experienced >>>> this type of prejudice, bias, and discrimination regularly from the time of >>>> being a child right on up throughout one's life. No, not *everyone* would >>>> act that way toward the African-American walking among them. MOST people >>>> would be kind and treat each person fairly and with respect. But, that >>>> said, how many in the population would treat the racialized minority or the >>>> "other" differently, negatively, and/or with hostility? And how many times >>>> would that have happened over the many years? And what impact would that >>>> have on one's self-esteem, confidence, or general feeling of well-being? >>>> And yet look at what impact, my dear brother, just ONE incident had upon >>>> your mental health and well-being as a successful grown man. He still >>>> doesn't get it, and never will. >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> So much more to say, but I'll move along as an "old guy" now. But, in >>>> contrast to a lot of others in my generation, I have a different sign on my >>>> lawn. It's not "get off my lawn", but rather "all are welcome - come and >>>> hang out on my lawn & I'll even get you a drink if you're thirsty..." Best, >>>> -joe >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Dr. Joseph H. Michalski >>>> >>>> King’s University College at Western University >>>> >>>> 266 Epworth Avenue, DL-201 >>>> >>>> London, Ontario, Canada N6A 2M3 >>>> >>>> Tel: (519) 433-3491 >>>> >>>> Email: [log in to unmask] >>>> >>>> ______________________ >>>> >>>> *e**i*π + 1 = 0 >>>> >>>> >>>> ------------------------------ >>>> >>>> *From:* tree of knowledge system discussion < >>>> [log in to unmask]> on behalf of Henriques, Gregg - >>>> henriqgx <[log in to unmask]> >>>> *Sent:* Thursday, June 11, 2020 7:47 AM >>>> *To:* [log in to unmask] <[log in to unmask]> >>>> *Subject:* Two articles on Policing >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Dear TOK List, >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> For folks who are interested in understanding the divergent >>>> “justification systems” that are operating about the state of policing in >>>> this country, I recommend the following articles: >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Heather MacDonald is a conservative scholar who has long argued that >>>> the fundamental progressive narrative about brutal cops as an aggregate is >>>> misguided. This is a transcript of her testimony to congress yesterday: >>>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.city-2Djournal.org_repudiate-2Dthe-2Danti-2Dpolice-2Dnarrative&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=XCyS8sUUNvzWX0rjg8s57yN6SdBKAfTyAQX6iclIkuI&s=5mcJ-CAJOaVUrJ8poNyG0u02_J9-YLzEv5kp7cFQxLg&e= >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.city-2Djournal.org_repudiate-2Dthe-2Danti-2Dpolice-2Dnarrative&d=DwMF-w&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=h6kB7iQCbvdCGiWf2dX8DsIsU4IDPEmOLWq59xpgmxA&s=2s_tONfe_Ppbxvo1_VFMw_2AtomzpYiwXjJUPwpWx2E&e=> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Nicholas Kristof is a liberal NY Times columnist who has long advocated >>>> for social justice causes. This is his call for how to effectively think >>>> about “defunding the police”: >>>> >>>> >>>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.nytimes.com_2020_06_10_opinion_defund-2Dpolice-2Dfloyd-2Dprotests.html-3Fcampaign-5Fid-3D2-26emc-3Dedit-5Fth-5F200611-26instance-5Fid-3D19255-26nl-3Dtodaysheadlines-26regi-5Fid-3D35223894-26segment-5Fid-3D30632-26user-5Fid-3D8e4f03af2447d5adeb5069c9fb9bdf47&d=DwIFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=XCyS8sUUNvzWX0rjg8s57yN6SdBKAfTyAQX6iclIkuI&s=lw1CTViRO2OY6__z0HDaoX7kmJbRS8DVtBwQZ7NBqbk&e= >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.nytimes.com_2020_06_10_opinion_defund-2Dpolice-2Dfloyd-2Dprotests.html-3Fcampaign-5Fid-3D2-26emc-3Dedit-5Fth-5F200611-26instance-5Fid-3D19255-26nl-3Dtodaysheadlines-26regi-5Fid-3D35223894-26segment-5Fid-3D30632-26user-5Fid-3D8e4f03af2447d5adeb5069c9fb9bdf47&d=DwMF-w&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=h6kB7iQCbvdCGiWf2dX8DsIsU4IDPEmOLWq59xpgmxA&s=pmUhEi7QK-PfiU3_NKYdXNTORTXOCsIISOzgZPnoEXI&e=> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> NEXT MONDAY at 5:30 pm EDT we will be having Professor Mike Mascolo >>>> offer his insightful framework for understanding conflict, and bridging >>>> divides to create common ground. A formal announcement will be coming soon. >>>> >>>> >>>> Best, >>>> Gregg >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> ############################ >>>> >>>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>>> following link: >>>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>>> >>>> ############################ >>>> >>>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>>> following link: >>>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>>> >>>> ############################ >>>> >>>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>>> following link: >>>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> -- >>>> >>>> [image: Image removed by sender. photo] >>>> >>>> *Ari in the Air* >>>> Athlete & Filmmaker >>>> >>>> 4582926933 >>>> >>>> Bend Oregon >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> [image: Image removed by sender.] >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.youtube.com_channel_UCLdxnh60DzDlR-5FAYhF3CzlQ-3Fview-5Fas-3Dsubscriber&d=DwMFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=zBJ6lBDpCiQ4Bhq3euXX5MZVnTU26c6Dwa6pgV0hj3Q&s=O89dNW0xRW7L4-xJj56GO54LUXCCu8PE2vW0n0WBhjs&e=> >>>> >>>> [image: Image removed by sender.] >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__instagram.com_ariintheair&d=DwMFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=zBJ6lBDpCiQ4Bhq3euXX5MZVnTU26c6Dwa6pgV0hj3Q&s=fA4PKO22v7mqA91xMbR1DnTGUi8TNVEkPVWmb9E1GdA&e=> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> Create your own WiseStamp email signature >>>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.wisestamp.com_signature-2Din-2Demail_-3Futm-5Fsource-3Dpromotion-26utm-5Fmedium-3Dsignature-26utm-5Fcampaign-3Dcreate-5Fyour-5Fown-26srcid-3D6097410891841536&d=DwMFaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=zBJ6lBDpCiQ4Bhq3euXX5MZVnTU26c6Dwa6pgV0hj3Q&s=R7ezOAhiMuwIU7MVO9orENT8biPp2-q85EAxoRARvhk&e=> >>>> >>>> ############################ >>>> >>>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>>> following link: >>>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> ############################ >>>> >>>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>>> following link: >>>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>>> ############################ >>>> >>>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>>> following link: >>>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>>> >>> ############################ >>> >>> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >>> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >>> following link: >>> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >>> >> ############################ >> >> To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: >> mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the >> following link: >> http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 >> > ############################ > > To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: > mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the > following link: > http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1 > ############################ To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the following link: http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1