Hi TOK Folks, For folks interested in gender, culture, and related topics, I recommend this mindscape podcast: https://www.preposterousuniverse.com/podcast/2022/04/25/194-frans-de-waal-on-culture-and-gender-in-primates/ Here is the caption: Humans are related to all other species here on Earth, but some are closer relatives than others. Primates, a group that includes apes, monkeys, lemurs, and others besides ourselves, are our closest relatives, and they exhibit a wide variety of behaviors that we can easily recognize. Frans de Waal is a leading primatologist and ethologist who has long studied cognition and collective behaviors in chimps, bonobos, and other species. His work has established the presence of politics, morality, and empathy in primates. His new book is Different: Gender Through the Eyes of a Primatologist.<https://bookshop.org/books/different-gender-through-the-eyes-of-a-primatologist/9781324007104> I encourage you to listen to the episode via the UTOK lens if you are so inclined. If you do, you will hear quickly that, although de Waal is very sophisticated, he nonetheless still has a two vector view of nature versus nurture or biology versus social learning/culture. Of course, as this blog on Life, Mind and Culture makes clear, via the ToK System, UTOK shows very clearly that this is the wrong ontology/metaphysics. Also please note that there is confusion or overlap as to whether his work is animal psychology, ethology or biological behavioral science. Of course, on the ToK everything that he is talking about is in Mind. All the patterns are mental behavioral patterns of investment. Also, notice the stuff about gender and culture. Clearly, in primates, at the level of minded patterns of investment, we see gendered patterns and culture. LITTLE 'c" culture that is, which refers to behavioral repertories picked up and transferred across the generations in specific populations. Many social animals have this. Yet, OF COURSE, there is no Culture-Person plane of operation. Also note the gendered patterns in chimps and bonobos are clearly recognizable in humans (i.e., feminine being more cooperative and relational, masculine more competitive and hierarchical, less oriented toward care of young). And I thought his report of Donna, the female chimp who behaved with lots of masculine energy, to be fascinating. Best, Gregg ___________________________________________ Gregg Henriques, Ph.D. President of the Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration (2022) Professor Department of Graduate Psychology 216 Johnston Hall MSC 7401 James Madison University Harrisonburg, VA 22807 (540) 568-7857 (phone) (540) 568-4747 (fax) Be that which enhances dignity and well-being with integrity. Check out the Unified Theory Of Knowledge homepage at: https://www.unifiedtheoryofknowledge.org/ ############################ To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the following link: http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A=1