Thanks, Steve! The critiques of contextualism seem weak to me. They don't take into account developmental differences and changes through the lifespan (where some characteristics may be consistent for a time and then shift as the dynamism of development continues). Further, the implicit assumption of the critique assumes that one can measure meaningful consistencies across time--sure but they are veneers of the dynamism of being a human being (unless a person has been toxically stressed/traumatized and oppressed into being robotic and rigid). Lots of information is lost in trying to categorize things one way or another. Social cognitive theory of personality offers at least a remedy to thinking about personality consistency: rather than a trait carried situation to situation (as trait theory tends to assume), there is a consistent personality signature in a person by context variability across situations (e.g., extrovert with family, introvert at work). But a virtuous person responds to each situation appropriately (e.g., with compassion and egolessness). Each situation is different so behavior is different each time. Holistic virtue cannot be measured in a controlled manner, since every situation is different and requires different skills/responses appropriate at that moment. Darcia On Mon, Jan 29, 2018 at 9:03 AM, nysa71 < [log in to unmask]> wrote: > So would Heraclitus be an example of a Contextualist considering quotes > like: > > "You could not step twice into the same river." > > "Everything changes and nothing stands still." > > "All entities move and nothing remains still." > > ? > > ~ Jason Bessey > > On Sunday, January 28, 2018, 10:28:02 PM EST, Steven Quackenbush < > [log in to unmask]> wrote: > > > Hello ToK Community, > > Attached is the penultimate episode of *Stephen Pepper's World Hypotheses*. > > Included as a special bonus feature is an optional "deleted scene"! > > ~ Steve Q. > > ############################ > > To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: > mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the > following link: http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A= > 1 > ############################ > > To unsubscribe from the TOK-SOCIETY-L list: write to: > mailto:[log in to unmask] or click the > following link: http://listserv.jmu.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=TOK-SOCIETY-L&A= > 1 > -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Darcia Narvaez (DAR-sha narv-EYES) Professor of Psychology, 118 Haggar Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame IN 46556 USA [log in to unmask], 574-631-7835 *My University Website <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.nd.edu_-257Ednarvaez&d=DwIBaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=qH0DCADSw954-MFcxPrMXEtGnrq06HiiNo26vuCaGSc&s=n5LYkYzbiybq9SemSAXsxIPACVQ-klEZPhw8HyRLxK0&e= > * Also see DarciaNarvaez.com Blog at Psychology Today: Moral Landscapes <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.psychologytoday.com_blog_moral-2Dlandscapes&d=DwIBaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=qH0DCADSw954-MFcxPrMXEtGnrq06HiiNo26vuCaGSc&s=ykvCyORl35n6Sf86Y2OwwN8IGuizLmKK57A-TFgKm8I&e= > Former Editor, Journal of Moral Education <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.tandfonline.com_toc_cjme20_current&d=DwIBaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=qH0DCADSw954-MFcxPrMXEtGnrq06HiiNo26vuCaGSc&s=BkZPnViQwWOoamn_v1azgE0AYMRgnnVLWuZC8EtYx-E&e= > Interviews and Podcasts <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www3.nd.edu_-257Ednarvaez_OtherMedia.htm&d=DwIBaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=qH0DCADSw954-MFcxPrMXEtGnrq06HiiNo26vuCaGSc&s=bj0TZXBECfrGqpC-yJiiEYDQMp0_SjqHmvYanbvPKkE&e= > BOOKS: <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.oup.com_us_catalog_general_subject_Psychology_Developmental_-3Fview-3Dusa-26sf-3Dtoc-26ci-3D9780199755059&d=DwIBaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=qH0DCADSw954-MFcxPrMXEtGnrq06HiiNo26vuCaGSc&s=GphxmFhtevWmss6e0Onb-7fjGSfN_p1dLiek2YsJNdY&e= > Embodied Morality: Protectionism, Engagement and Imagination <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.palgrave.com_us_book_9781137553980&d=DwIBaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=qH0DCADSw954-MFcxPrMXEtGnrq06HiiNo26vuCaGSc&s=pQmEIj4qhG5sGwCg0llzMR86piWuybeCfhDVn9XBvGs&e= > (Palgrave-Macmillan) Neurobiology and the Development of Human Morality: Evolution, Culture and Wisdom <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__books.wwnorton.com_books_Author.aspx-3Fid-3D4294978774&d=DwIBaQ&c=eLbWYnpnzycBCgmb7vCI4uqNEB9RSjOdn_5nBEmmeq0&r=HPo1IXYDhKClogP-UOpybo6Cfxxz-jIYBgjO2gOz4-A&m=qH0DCADSw954-MFcxPrMXEtGnrq06HiiNo26vuCaGSc&s=9x0f6DYPh11sO6CVUCq4FPv-TIuXaHUjDKii0vtaR5k&e= > (Norton; 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